Gujarati status
કાંટે કાંટે અટકું છું ને ફૂલે ફૂલે ભટકું છું..
રંગ અને ફોરમની વચ્ચે મારી મહેફિલ શોધું છું...
Saturday, 21 January 2017
Monday, 4 April 2016
Modi s today visit
Riyadh: King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud apprised Prime Minister Narendra Modi about Saudi Arabia's initiative in bringing together 34 Muslim countries to form a powerful Islamic military coalition to combat the scourge of terrorism as the two leaders resolved to enhance counter- terror cooperation.
In the talks on Sunday at the at the Al-Yamamah Palace in Riyadh, the King also appreciated India's interest in the Gulf as well as its keenness in supporting its stability of the countries in the region.
The King briefed the Prime Minister about Saudi Arabia's initiative to form a coalition to contain terrorism, Saudi officials said.
In the talks on Sunday at the at the Al-Yamamah Palace in Riyadh, the King also appreciated India's interest in the Gulf as well as its keenness in supporting its stability of the countries in the region.
The King briefed the Prime Minister about Saudi Arabia's initiative to form a coalition to contain terrorism, Saudi officials said.
Saturday, 27 December 2014
wheat growing states in india
By and large Agro-climatic regions have formed
the basis of wheat zoning. In addition cultutural practices, land use,
adaptability of varieties and diseases spectrum have been
considered. It is obvious that the boundaries of the agro-climatic regions
may not always be co-terminus with boundaries of the
wheat zones. Two or more wheat zones may be falling in one
agro-climatic region and vice versa. Mainly 29 wheat
states have been identified for wheat growing.Two or more wheat zones may be falling in one
agro-climatic region and vice versa.
wheat history india
Growing of Wheat in India began very early in prehistoric
times. This makes the origin of its cultivation as a matter of speculation.
As per the historians records its center of origin is South West Asia.
It is believed that Aryans brought wheat grains to India, since then it has been cultivated in
India. After independence research on development of high
yielding wheat varieties and improved management practices have been carried out in this
country for the last several decades and many valuable varieties were bred and released
for commercial cultivation.
These varieties were tall and mainly suited to low management with low yield potential
However, a turning point came in the history of wheat in 1963 with the introduction
of dwarf, photo-insensitive high yielding Mexican wheat breeding materials developed
by Nobel Laureate Dr. Norman E. Borlaug. In the year 1964, these varieties were tested at
155 locations under All India Co-ordinated Wheat Improvement Project, where Lerma Rojo
and Sonara-64 out yielded the local tall varieties. As a result in 1965 both
these varieties were released for general cultivation in wheat growing areas of the country.
After sometime, these varieties were replaced by amber-seeded high yielding wheat
varieties and since then so many dwarf varieties have been evolved for cultivation in
different agro climatic zones.
wheat india
Wheat is the second most important staple food after rice consumed by 65% of the
population in India and is likely to increase further due to changes in food
habits. Wheat is mostly consumed in the form of chapati in our country
for which bread wheat is cultivated in nearly 95 per cent of the cropped
area. Durum wheat, which is most suitable for making macaroni, noodles,
semolina and pasta products, occupies about 4 to 5% of the area, and is
predominantly grown in Central and Peninsular parts of India.
The organized wheat research in India is almost a century old. It was
primarily initiated at the then Imperial Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)
Pusa, Bihar.
During the sixties, the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi
served as flagship of the Indian wheat programme. The All India Coordinated Wheat
Improvement Project, initiated in 1965, was subsequently upgraded in 1978 of the
status of the Project Directorate and later on was shifted to its present location at
Karnal in 1990.
Through coordinated research efforts more than 316 wheat varieties suited to different
agro-ecological conditions and growing situations have been released so far. The
packages of technology, services and public policies introduced since the beginning of
the first Five Year Plan in 1950, the country has transformed itself from a
"begging bowl" image to one which now occupies the second position in terms of
wheat production and area in the world. The wheat production increased
from a mere 12.5 million tons in 1964 to around 73 million tons in recent years.
India has the capacity to become world leader in the production of
wheat. The country has already overtaken the USA and attained the 76.4
million tons mark in 1999-2000.
It is now realized that sustaining, the wheat productivity is essential to provide
food security to the population of India, which by the year 2020 A.D. will be
about 1.25 billion. The projected demand for wheat by the year 2020 A.D. will be 109
million tons and to achieve this, new technological advances are to be
made. In the area of crop improvement emphasis would be to develop new
genotypes that are responsive to high input management and capable of yielding
beyond 7.0 t/ha.
The wheat growing area in the country is classified into six major
zones.
Based on the state wise acreage, currently, wheat is being grown on an
area of
over 27 million hectares. About 72% of the area falls in two mega zones
comprising
of NWPZ and NEPZ followed by 17% in CZ while NHZ, PZ and SHZ constitutes
about 11%
area. Out of the total wheat area, 82-85% falls under irrigated
conditions while the rest is under rainfed agriculture. In the current
wheat production level of 73 million tons, NWPZ alone produces about 56%
followed by NEPZ (less than half of NWPZ) and Central zone.
To arrive at potential production levels, current area and production
levels,
and persisting yield gaps were studied zone wise and region wise.
Analysis of component wise yield
gap helps in devising strategy to achieve the potential output
level. It is important that these gaps are filled, assuming that there
is
little scope for area expansion due to constraints of land availability
for
agriculture owing to other requirements of the economy and crop
competition
with the agriculture. It is estimated that wheat production can be
increased beyond
95 million tons if these gaps are bridged.
agri business
Agribusiness is the business of agricultural production. It includes agrichemicals, breeding, crop production (farming and contract farming), distribution, farm machinery, processing, and seed supply, as well as marketing and retail sales.
Ray A. Goldberg coins the term agribusiness together with coauthor John H. Davis. They provided a rigorous economic framework for the field in their book A Concept of Agribusiness (Boston: Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, 1957). That seminal work traces a complex value-added chain that begins with the farmer's purchase of seed and livestock and ends with a product fit for the consumer's table.
The discipline of agribusiness is changing to market centric. All agents of the food and fiber value chain and those institutions that influence it are part of agribusiness system.
Agribusiness boundary expansion is driven by a variety of transaction costs. Nobel Prize recipients Ronald Coase and Oliver Williamson showed how transaction costs push firms to innovate due to the increased costs of resources used for the creation of goods. The term transaction cost is frequently thought to have been coined by Ronald Coase, who used it to develop a theoretical framework for predicting when certain economic tasks would be performed by firms, and when they would be performed on the market.
According to Williamson, the determinants of transaction costs are frequency, specificity, uncertainty, limited rationality, and opportunistic behavior.
Argentine economist Manuel Alvarado Ledesma (CEMA University) explains the implications of institutions on agribusiness and writes that institutions are sets of rules, regulations, guidelines, codes and implied and express traditions which prevail in a society, which govern the relations among citizens, and also the relationship between the citizens with the government. He emphasizes that weak institutional environment allows for capricious tax, trade, pricing and investment policies by all governments to the point of creating business uncertainty. He also provides a thorough review of the empirical literature on contract farming, paying attention to broad implications for economic development. Alvarado Ledesma states that the discipline of agribusiness should contribute to the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity.
Within the agriculture industry, "agribusiness" is used simply as a portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. There are academic degrees in and departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness publications, and so forth, worldwide.
The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) operates a section devoted to Agribusiness Development[1] which seeks to promote food industry growth in developing nations.
In the context of agribusiness management in academia, each individual element of agriculture production and distribution may be described as agribusinesses. However, the term "agribusiness" most often emphasizes the "interdependence" of these various sectors within the production chain.[2]
Among critics of large-scale, industrialized, vertically integrated food production, the term agribusiness is used negatively, synonymous with corporate farming. As such, it is often contrasted with smaller family-owned farms.
Ray A. Goldberg coins the term agribusiness together with coauthor John H. Davis. They provided a rigorous economic framework for the field in their book A Concept of Agribusiness (Boston: Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, 1957). That seminal work traces a complex value-added chain that begins with the farmer's purchase of seed and livestock and ends with a product fit for the consumer's table.
The discipline of agribusiness is changing to market centric. All agents of the food and fiber value chain and those institutions that influence it are part of agribusiness system.
Agribusiness boundary expansion is driven by a variety of transaction costs. Nobel Prize recipients Ronald Coase and Oliver Williamson showed how transaction costs push firms to innovate due to the increased costs of resources used for the creation of goods. The term transaction cost is frequently thought to have been coined by Ronald Coase, who used it to develop a theoretical framework for predicting when certain economic tasks would be performed by firms, and when they would be performed on the market.
According to Williamson, the determinants of transaction costs are frequency, specificity, uncertainty, limited rationality, and opportunistic behavior.
Argentine economist Manuel Alvarado Ledesma (CEMA University) explains the implications of institutions on agribusiness and writes that institutions are sets of rules, regulations, guidelines, codes and implied and express traditions which prevail in a society, which govern the relations among citizens, and also the relationship between the citizens with the government. He emphasizes that weak institutional environment allows for capricious tax, trade, pricing and investment policies by all governments to the point of creating business uncertainty. He also provides a thorough review of the empirical literature on contract farming, paying attention to broad implications for economic development. Alvarado Ledesma states that the discipline of agribusiness should contribute to the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity.
Within the agriculture industry, "agribusiness" is used simply as a portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. There are academic degrees in and departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness publications, and so forth, worldwide.
The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) operates a section devoted to Agribusiness Development[1] which seeks to promote food industry growth in developing nations.
In the context of agribusiness management in academia, each individual element of agriculture production and distribution may be described as agribusinesses. However, the term "agribusiness" most often emphasizes the "interdependence" of these various sectors within the production chain.[2]
Among critics of large-scale, industrialized, vertically integrated food production, the term agribusiness is used negatively, synonymous with corporate farming. As such, it is often contrasted with smaller family-owned farms.
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